At the G7 meeting in Italy, ministers look set to reach a crucial agreement on phasing out coal, the most polluting fossil fuel. This summit in Turin, an emblematic location for the automotive industry, represents a direct follow-up to the commitments made at COP28 in Dubai, where a gradual reduction in the use of coal, gas and oil was promised.
The Dynamics of Negotiations
The discussions, which will end on Tuesday with a final communiqué, could lead to the establishment ofa precise timetable for the closure of coal-fired power plants. While countries like France support a 2030 deadline, others, notably Japan, remain hesitant due to their significant dependence on coal for power generation. Italy, president of the G7 this year, is already committed to closing its coal-fired power plants by 2025, with the exception of Sardinia, scheduled for 2028.
Economic and environmental implications
The abandonment of coal by the G7 countries, which represent 38% of the world economy, is a significant gesture given their contribution to 21% of global greenhouse gas emissions. This movement reflects a growing desire to align economic actions with the climate objectives of the Paris Agreement, aimed at limiting global warming to well below two degrees.
Challenges and prospects
Reaching the 1.5 degree target requires a substantial reduction in emissions, almost halving this decade, according to UN experts. However, emissions continue to rise, fuelled by the combustion of fossil fuels. The decisions taken at the G7 could shape global energy policies and stimulate a faster transition to renewable energies.
The G7’s approach to abandoning coal could mark a decisive turning point in the fight against climate change. The success of this initiative will depend on the real commitment of countries to rapidly implement the agreed plans, thereby influencing energy policies and climate strategies on a global scale.
