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Nuclear Safety Reform in France: A Critical Turning Point

France is gearing up to reform its nuclear safety governance, a project that is sparking lively debate among experts and civil society alike.

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Nuclear safety in France is at the dawn of a major transformation. Recently, the Conseil national de la transition écologique (CNTE), a body bringing together NGOs, trade unions, employers and elected representatives, assessed a government reform project aimed at reorganizing the governance of nuclear safety. This project comes against the backdrop of a relaunched nuclear reactor program, with the aim of “streamlining decision-making”.

Key points of the Reform Project

The draft reform proposes to merge the Institut de Radioprotection et Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), an expert in the field, and the Autorité de Sûreté Nucléaire (ASN), which has decision-making authority over power plants. This proposal aims to optimize decision-making processes, but raises concerns about the independence of expertise and the transparency of decisions.

CNTE’s reactions and concerns

The CNTE, while recognizing the quality of the current nuclear safety organization in France, expresses several reservations. It recommends that the technical opinions justifying any decision by the Authority be made public before any action is taken, thus respecting the principle of public participation in government decisions. Moreover, the CNTE warns against the risk of instability and dispersal of powers that such a reform could engender.

Concerns about Independence and Transparency

Critics of the project, notably elected representatives, experts and UFC-Que Choisir, are alarmed at the potential erosion of the independence of expertise and a reduction in transparency in decision-making. These concerns are amplified by the risk of disruption in the fast-growing sector and the possibility of skilled staff leaving.

Implications for the Future of Nuclear Safety

The government will present the nuclear safety reform bill to the Council of Ministers in December, before submitting it to Parliament early next year, underlining the crucial importance of the outcome of this reform. It will influence not only the safety of France’s nuclear infrastructure, but also the public’s perception of this controversial form of energy.

Reforming nuclear safety in France is a complex challenge, combining technical, political and societal issues. Decisions taken in the coming months will determine not only the effectiveness of nuclear governance, but also public confidence in this essential energy source.

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